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On July 29, a press conference for the 2022 National Industry Vocational Skills Competition - National Industrial and Information Technology Skills Competition was held in Beijing. The competition was organized by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Education, and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. Co-sponsored with the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, it aims to give full play to the advantages of industrial driving, strengthen the leading role of new technologies and new skills, accelerate the cultivation of a large number of high-quality technical and technical talents on a larger scale and more effectively, and provide strong support for the solid promotion of the construction of a manufacturing power and a network power. Talent protection.
At the press conference, Wang Hong, deputy director of the First Division of Equipment Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, introduced that my country's robot industry has achieved rapid growth. In 2021, the output of industrial robots will reach 366,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 67.9%; revenue will exceed 80 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of nearly 30% . The use density of industrial robots has been increasing, reaching 246 units per 10,000 workers in 2020, nearly twice the global average. The application fields cover 52 major industries and 143 medium-level industries in the national economy. Intelligent manufacturing with industrial robots as the core has become the main path for the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry.
In recent years, with the development of intelligent manufacturing in China, the country has paid more and more attention to the cultivation of talents in the field of "intelligent" manufacturing. Colleges and universities have added professional courses such as robotics engineering, artificial intelligence, electrical engineering and automation, big data technology, and mechanical engineering.
It is worth mentioning that in the "Baidu Hot Search 2022 College Entrance Exam Big Data" recently released by Baidu and China Education Online, robotics-related majors occupy two seats in the ranking of popular majors.
Of course, with the intensification of my country's population aging, my country urgently needs to cultivate high-quality technical and skilled personnel. In fact, my country will usher in the largest retirement tide in history, with an average of 20 million people entering retirement every year, and the working-age population continues to decline sharply, indicating that my country will reduce the working-age population by 3-5 million every year.
The labor crisis limited by manpower will sweep across the world's major economies and have an irreversible impact on some industries and enterprises. The labor shortage forces enterprises to face increasing pressure. In response to workforce challenges posed by an ageing population and a shrinking working-age population, emerging technologies are being used to drive productivity growth. With the in-depth development of big data, automation, artificial intelligence and other technologies, the trend of enterprises using robots to fill the shortage of manpower is becoming more and more obvious.
With the gradual popularization of automation equipment such as industrial robots, highly repetitive jobs in factories are replaced by robots, and the number of ordinary workers is gradually decreasing, but the demand for management and maintenance technicians for corresponding automation equipment has increased sharply. Because even if the manufacturing process does not require human participation, the robot needs to be programmed and maintained manually to ensure the operation of the entire production process.
According to the analysis report on the employment situation of industrial robot system operators released by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security: 67% of the employees are companies or companies that are introducing industrial robots or intelligent manufacturing production lines as production equipment. Job demand is constantly increasing.
44.44% of industrial robot system operators have a junior college degree, 1.48% have a master's degree, and 45% have a college degree or below. The employment threshold for industrial robot system operators is low. Moreover, in this report, it is shown that 45% of the industrial robot system operators' salary is twice the local average salary, and the salary of industrial robot system operators is generally higher than the local average salary.
The replacement of human beings by machines can deal with the problems of aging and difficulty in recruiting workers, but the replacement of human beings by robots does not mean that people are not needed. On the contrary, it is precisely people who are most needed. As a typical intelligent manufacturing equipment, the operation, programming, debugging and maintenance of industrial robots all have certain thresholds, and technical and skilled talents who master these capabilities are indispensable. And my country can also guide more enterprises and colleges to cultivate and select urgently needed talents for the key areas of building a strong manufacturing country and a strong Internet country through on-the-job training and technical competitions.